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To reduce the computational scale for quasi-magnetostatic problems, model order reduction is a good option. Reduced-order modelling techniques based on proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and centroidal Voronoi tessellation (CVT) have been used to solve many engineering problems. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the computational principle, accuracy and efficiency of the POD-based and the CVT-based reduced-order method when dealing with quasi-magnetostatic problems.

The paper investigates computational features of the reduced-order method based on POD and CVT methods for quasi-magnetostatic problems. Firstly the construction method for the POD and the CVT reduced-order basis is introduced. Then, a reduced model is constructed using high-fidelity finite element solutions and a Galerkin projection. Finally, the transient quasi-magnetostatic problem of the TEAM 21^a model is studied with the proposed reduced-order method.

For the TEAM 21^a model, the numerical results show that both POD-based and CVT-based reduced-order approaches can greatly reduce the computational time compared with the full-order finite element method. And the results obtained from both reduced-order models are in good agreement with the results obtained from the full-order model, while the computational accuracy of the POD-based reduced-order model is a little higher than the CVT-based reduced-order model.

The CVT method is introduced to construct the reduced-order model for a quasi-magnetostatic problem. The computational accuracy and efficiency of the presented approaches are compared.

Because the nanocrystalline core is widely used in power electronic equipment, and the excitation waveform of its working mode is complex, the vibration at medium and high frequencies cannot be ignored. Therefore, this study aims to study the vibration mechanism of nanocrystalline strip and the vibration characteristics of nanocrystalline magnetic ring under different excitation waveforms.

First, the electromagnetic vibration mechanism between nanocrystalline strips is analyzed by finite element analysis, and the force of the magnetic ring with and without air gap is compared and analyzed. Then, the vibration of nanocrystalline magnetic ring under different excitation waveforms such as sine wave, triangular wave, symmetric rectangular wave and asymmetric rectangular wave is analyzed by experimental method. The acceleration time domain waveform measured by the experiment is analyzed by fast Fourier transform, and the vibration is analyzed according to the spectrum.

Because of the increase of magnetic flux leakage, the volume force density and the Maxwell force on the surface of the nanocrystalline magnetic ring will increase after the air gap is opened, resulting in the intensification of vibration. Under symmetric/asymmetric rectangular wave excitation, the vibration acceleration varies with the duty cycle. Due to the influence of harmonic excitation, the relationship between the main frequency of vibration and the excitation frequency is not two times, and its multiple decreases with the increase of excitation frequency.

The research and analysis of this paper can promote the application of new magnetic materials in electrical equipment in small and medium-sized and medium- to high-frequency fields.

This study utilizes self-determination theory (SDT) to understand how high-performance work systems (HPWS) may foster happiness at work through serial transmission pathways of career aspiration and thriving at work.

The study uses data collected from a sample of 309 employees working in various organizations. It uses multilevel, multisource and time-lagged data and applied Mplus 8.0 for hypotheses testing.

The study findings reveal a positive relationship between HPWS and career aspiration. Career aspiration was positively related to thriving at work and thriving at work was positively associated with happiness at work. Moreover, career aspiration mediated the relationship between HPWS and thriving at work. Whereas, thriving at work mediated the relationship between career aspiration and happiness at work. The results also support the serial mediation of career aspiration and thriving at work between HPWS and happiness at work.

The findings have important implications for organizational practice. Practitioners should consider implementing pro-employee HPWS to support employees' career aspirations and enhance their thriving experience, which may increase their happiness at work.

This is one of the few studies investigating individual-level serial mediators between departmental-level HPWS and employee happiness at work.

This study aims to examine the link between leader–member exchange (LMX) and employee innovative work behavior (IWB) by using employee job crafting as a mediator.

The study uses multilevel, multisource and multiwave data collected from 284 employees working in the banking sector of Pakistan.

The study findings suggest a significant positive relationship between (i) LMX and job crafting dimensions and (ii) job crafting dimensions and employee IWB. Job crafting dimensions mediated the impact of LMX on IWB, except for relational crafting, which was not significant. Multilevel analysis demonstrated significant individual-level job crafting and IWB.

This study undertakes a multilevel mediational analysis to examine the relationship between LMX and IWB, which is rarely applied in the existing literature. Moreover, this study contributes to understanding how LMX influences IWB using the conservation of resources theory.

The paper aims to investigate the determinants of workplace innovation behavior of women employees in Pakistan. With a growing share of women's participation in the labor force in developing economies, it is crucial to understand their behavior. The authors looked into various practices that drive women's innovative behavior using social exchange theory (SET) as a theoretical framework.

This study is quantitative-based on the positivistic paradigm. Following the survey method technique, responses are collected from 317 female employees in the service industry. The authors used structural equation modeling for the data analysis.

The results indicate a significant impact of leader-member exchange (LMX) on employee empowerment; schedule flexibility was also a possible predictor of workplace innovation behavior through mediating roles of employee empowerment and response to change. The study findings are consistent with the prior literature and according to the developed hypothesis. Further, women's response to change partially mediates women employees' empowerment and workplace innovation behaviors. In addition, LMX significantly affects women's response to change through women employees' empowerment, leading to workplace innovation behavior.

The implication is that supervisors should be adaptable in working relationships with their women employees to bring positive workplace innovative behaviors. They create such exchanges with employees to make them feel that the organizations value them. The paper identifies the need to develop supportive supervisor-employee exchange relationships to encourage positive, innovative behavior in female employees.

This paper examines the workplace innovation behavior of women employees in Pakistani patriarchal society and a male-dominating workplace environment.

Applying servant leadership theory, this study aims to investigate whether servant leadership predicts service excellence of bank employees through mediating role of psychological capital (PsyCap). It also tests buffering role of conscientiousness in boosting service excellence.

The study uses data collected from 224 bank employees. SPSS and jamovi statistics were used for data analysis.

Study findings suggest a significant relationship between servant leadership, service excellence and PsyCap. PsyCap emerged as a mediator, and conscientiousness moderated the nexus between servant leadership and service excellence.

Findings highlight important implications for organisational practitioners. Because servant leadership leads to service excellence, practitioners should consider adopting servant leadership at every organizational level. Further, servant leaders could enhance followers’ PsyCap for creating service excellence. Organisations should use customized training programs and development interventions to enhance service excellence.

This study is one of the few studies to investigate the mediating role of PsyCap as a personal resource and buffering role of conscientiousness for service sector employees. Study generates new insights on employee experiences working in service sectors.

Rapid tooling (RT) integrated with additive manufacturing technologies have been implemented in various sectors of the RT industry in recent years with various kinds of prototype applications, especially in the development of new products. The purpose of this study is to analyze the current application trends of RT techniques in producing hybrid mold inserts.

The direct and indirect RT techniques discussed in this paper are aimed at developing a hybrid mold insert using metal epoxy composite (MEC) in increasing the speed of tooling development and performance. An extensive review of the suitable development approach of hybrid mold inserts, material preparation and filler effect on physical and mechanical properties has been conducted.

Latest research studies indicate that it is possible to develop a hybrid material through the combination of different shapes/sizes of filler particles and it is expected to improve the compressive strength, thermal conductivity and consequently increasing the hybrid mold performance (cooling time and a number of molding cycles).

The number of research studies on RT for hybrid mold inserts is still lacking as compared to research studies on conventional manufacturing technology. One of the significant limitations is on the ways to improve physical and mechanical properties due to the limited type, size and shape of materials that are currently available.

This review presents the related information and highlights the current gaps related to this field of study. In addition, it appraises the new formulation of MEC materials for the hybrid mold inserts in injection molding application and RT for non-metal products.

Drawing on the symbolic interaction theory, this research examines leader–member exchange (LMX) and employee’s happiness at work (HAW) with mediation of self-esteem (SE) and moderation of organizational embeddedness (OE).

The study uses data collected from a sample of 246 employees working in fast moving consumer goods companies (FMCGs) and applied SmartPLS to analyze the proposed model.

Findings reveal that LMX predicts HAW. Whereas, the follower’s SE fully transmitted the effect of LMX on employee’s HAW. Moreover, OE moderated the relationship between LMX and HAW.

Leaders should consider quality LMX interactions with their employees in prevailing global crises. LMX can improve the relationship with team members and boost their SE resulting in HAW. Furthermore, organizations should promote such practices which may enhance their employees' OE for enhanced workplace happiness.

The study is among the very few works which apply symbolic interaction as an overarching framework to explain the employees' HAW.

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between total quality management (TQM) and the innovation performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) through empirical testing. It also seeks to determine whether the relationship between TQM and SMEs’ innovation is mediated by organizational culture (OC).

Data from managers/owners of food SMEs in the West Bank regions of Palestine were collected through a questionnaire that was assessed for validity and reliability. A structural equation model (SEM) was constructed using Smart PLS 3.9.2 to investigate the relationships.

The statistical results contribute to the existing literature by demonstrating a direct and positive relationship between TQM and OC where both have a positive and significant impact on innovation in food SMEs. Additionally, the study found that there is a significant and positive indirect impact of TQM on innovation in food SMEs, which is mediated by OC.

The study's results offer valuable insights to food SMEs' managers/owners in the current dynamic manufacturing landscape, with a focus on using TQM as a means of enhancing their innovation. The findings can provide guidance to food SMEs by highlighting the significance of OC, as it impacts the effective implementation of TQM and subsequently leads to an improvement in innovation levels.

This study enhances the existing literature on TQM by providing an in-depth understanding of TQM as perceived by food SMEs in Palestine. It addresses the gap in empirical research on the combined impact of TQM and OC on innovations in food SMEs. The study contributes to the theoretical framework and has significant managerial implications, providing recommendations for future research.

The purpose of this paper is to investigate numerically the thermal and hydrodynamics performance of circular microchannel heat exchanger (CMCHE) using various nanofluids.

The three‐dimensional steady, laminar developing flow and conjugate heat transfer governing equations of a balanced MCHE are solved using finite volume method.

The results are shown in terms of temperature profile, heat transfer coefficient, pressure drop, wall shear stress, pumping power, effectiveness and performance index. The addition of nanoparticles increased the heat transfer rate of the base fluids. The temperature profiles of the fluids have revealed that higher average bulk temperatures were obtained by the nanofluids compared to water. The addition of nanoparticles also increased the pressure drop along the channels slightly. The increase in nanoparticle concentrations yielded better heat transfer rate while the increase in Reynolds number decreased the heat transfer rate.

The tested nanofluids are Ag, Al₂O₃, CuO, SiO₂, and TiO₂. Reynolds number range varied from 100 to 800 and the nanoparticle concentration varied from 2 per cent to 10 per cent.

Parallel flow in CMCHEs is used in thermal engineering applications and the design and performance analysis of these CMCHE are of practical importance.

This paper provides the details of the thermal and hydrodynamics performance analysis of flow heat exchangers using nanofluids, which can be used for heat transfer augmentation in thermal design.